Chapter 24. Constraint Grammar Glossary

Table of Contents

Baseform
Cohort
Contextual Target
Contextual Test
Dependency
Disambiguation Window
Mapping Tag
Mapping Prefix
Reading
Rule
Set
Tag
Wordform

The terms in this glossary are specific to the workings and concepts of constraint grammar; internal and otherwise.

Baseform

The first part of a reading. Every reading must have one of these. It is usually the base form of the word in the containing cohort. Other than that, it is a tag like any other.

      "defy"
    

Cohort

A single word with all its readings.

      "<defiable>"
        "defy" adjective
        "defy" adverb
        "defy" verb plural
    

Contextual Target

The part of a dependency rule that locates a suitable cohort to attach to. It is no different from a normal contextual test and can have links, barriers, etc. While you technically can NEGATE the entire contextual target, it is probably not a good idea to do so.

      (-1* Verb LINK 1* Noun)
    

Contextual Test

The part of a disambiguation rule that looks at words surrounding the active cohort. A rule will not act unless all its contextual tests are satisfied.

      (-1* Verb LINK 1* Noun)
    

Dependency

A tag in #X->Y or #X→Y format denoting that this cohort is the child of another cohort.

Disambiguation Window

An array of cohorts as provided by the input stream. Usually the last cohort in a window is one from the DELIMITERS definition. CG-3 can keep several windows in memory at any time in order to fascilitate cross-window scanning from contextual tests. It is also possible to break a window into smaller windows on-the-fly with a DELIMIT rule.

Mapping Tag

A special type of tag, as defined by the mapping prefix. If a reading contains more than one mapping tag, the reading is multiplied into several readings with one of the mapping tags each and all the normal tags copied.

Mapping Prefix

A single unicode character. If a tag begins with this character, it is considered a mapping tag. The character can be changed with the grammar keyword MAPPING-PREFIX or the command line flag --prefix. Defaults to @.

Reading

Part of a cohort. Defines one variant of the word in question. A reading must begin with a baseform. Readings are the whole basis for how CG operates; they are what we disambiguate between and test against. The goal is to exit with one per cohort.

        "defy" adjective
    

Rule

The primary workhorses of CG. They can add, remove, alter readings, cohorts, and windows based on tests and type.

      ADD (tags) targetset (-1* ("someword")) ;
      SELECT targetset (-1* ("someword") BARRIER (tag)) ;
      DELIMIT targetset (-1* ("someword")) ;
    

Set

A list of tags or a combination of other sets. Used as targets for rules and contextual tests.

      LIST SomeSet = tags moretags (etc tags) ;
      LIST OtherSet = moretags (etc tags) ;
      SET CombiSet = SomeSet + OtherSet - (tag) ;
    

Tag

Any simple string of text. Readings and sets are built from tags.

      "plumber" noun @jobtitle
    

Wordform

The container word of a cohort. Every cohort has exactly one of these. It is usually the original word of the input text.

      "<defiable>"