GrammarSoft ApS

Idiosyncratic collocations

The first sub-algorithm handle lexical exceptions, where verbs, which normally assign one case to its subject or object, assign another, because they occur with particles, special complements or are metaphoric in some degree. The verb ``se'' ('look'), e.g., normally has an experiencer as subject, but to ``se sig om'' ('look around') is an action with an agent. At the current state four of these idiosyncratic collocations are written into the grammar, all pertaining to the case of the subject. As the grammar is tested on more text, more of these structures wil be found, and this part of the grammar will grow a lot.

These structures could also be handled in the lexicon.⁷

For all the different idiosyncratic subject structures, there are two rules: one for subjects to the left of the finite verb (non-inverted subjects, tagged with @SUBJ by earlier levels of Constraint Grammar) and one for subjects to the right of the finite verb (inverted subjects: @SUBJ). Even more rules will be needed for each construction, if we are to handle for example a relative clause ``breaking'' one of these constructions.⁸

#0#Idiomatisk leksikale constraints ###############
CONSTRAINTS

# se sig om/for  AG, ikke EXP
SELECT (%AG) (0 @SUBJ>)  (*1 ("se") BARRIER @MV LINK 1 REFL LINK 
       *1 ("om") OR ("for") BARRIER NON-ADV);
SELECT (%AG) (0 @<SUBJ)  (-1 VFIN LINK -1 ALL LINK *1 ("se") 
       BARRIER @MV - ("se") LINK *1 REFL BARRIER NON-SUBJ-MAT LINK 
       *1 ("om") OR ("for") BARRIER NON-ADV);\nb{This rule should be:
SELECT (%AG) (0 @<SUBJ)  (-*1 VFIN BARRIER NON-PRE-MOD LINK -1 ALL LINK *1 ("se") 
       BARRIER @MV - ("se") LINK *1 REFL BARRIER NON-SUBJ-MAT LINK 
       *1 ("om") OR ("for") BARRIER NON-ADV); 
change this in alle rules.}

# døren går op/i (men ikke 'gå op i')
SELECT (%PAT) (0 @SUBJ>) (*1 ("gå") BARRIER @MV LINK *1 ("op") OR 
       ("i") BARRIER NON-ADV LINK NOT 1 ("i"));
SELECT (%PAT) (0 @<SUBJ) (-1 VFIN LINK -1 ALL LINK *1 ("gå") BARRIER 
       @MV - ("gå") LINK *1 ("op") OR ("i") BARRIER NON-ADV/SUBJ-MAT 
       LINK NOT 1 ("i"));

#jeg holder af dig/at svømme
SELECT (%EXP) (0 @SUBJ>) (*1 ("holde") BARRIER @MV LINK *1 ("af") 
       BARRIER NON-ADV) ;
SELECT (%EXP) (0 @<SUBJ) (-1 VFIN LINK -1 ALL LINK *1 ("holde")
        %BARRIER @MV - ("holde") LINK *1 ("af") BARRIER NON-ADV/SUBJ-MAT);

# blive underlig til mode
SELECT (%EXP) (0 @SUBJ>) (*1 ("blive") OR ("være") BARRIER @MV LINK 
       *1 ("underlig") OR ("mærkelig") BARRIER NON-ADV LINK 1 ("til") 
       LINK 1 ("mode")) ;
SELECT (%EXP) (0 @<SUBJ) (-1 ("blive") OR ("være") OR ("har") LINK *1 
       ("underlig") OR ("mærkelig") LINK 1 ("til") LINK 1 ("mode")) ;